Steam-turbine.



No. 707,727. Patented Aug. 26, I902. R. SCHULZ.

STEAM TURBINE.

(Application filed May 10, 1901.)

6 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

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No. 707,727. Patented Aug. 26,1902. R. SCHULZ.

STEAM TURBINE.

[Application filed May 10, 1901.)

(No Model.) 6 Shaets-$heet 2.

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Patented Aug. 26, I902.

R. SCHULZ.

STEAM TURBINE.

{Application filed May 10, 1901.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

No. 707,727. Patented Aug. 26, I902.

R SCHULZ STEAM TURBINE. (Application filed May 10, 1901.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

'(No Model.)

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6 Sheats-Sheet 5.

(No Model.)

Patented Aug. 26, I902.

R. SCHULZ.

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(Application M TURBINE.

6 Sheets-8heet 6.

(N0 Model.)

30 the valve-seat and its adjusting device.

Units STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD SCHULZ, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

STEAM-TURBINE.

SPECIFTOATIQN forming part of LettersPatent No. 707,727, dated August26, 1902.

Application filed May 10, 1901.

1'0 tall whom it ntay 007 Z0677b:

Be it known that I, RICHARD SCHULZ, a subject of the German Emperor,residing at Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Controlling Mechanism for Steam-Turbines;and I do herebydeclare the following to be afulhclear,

and exact description of the invention, such as Will enable othersskilled in the to which it appertains to make and u'sethe same,refobject a novel construction of valve and other details, which will bemore fully described in the accompanying specification, and particularlypointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, in which like parts are similarly designated,Figure 1 is an axial turbine, partly in longitudinal vertical sectionand partly in side elevation. Fig. 2 is a front View of one form of thevalve and its operating mechanism. Fig; 3 is a view of Fig. 4 is asection showing the development of onefourth of the ring-valve showninFig. 2, the ports being wide open. Fig. 5 is a similar View showingnearly all of the ports closed.

3 5 Fig. 6 shows another form of valve-seat, and

Fig. 7 a ring-valve to cooperate therewith. Fig. 8 is a partialsectional view through the gates and bucketsofthe turbine. Fig. 9 is avertical sectional view of a radial turbine provided with threeturbinewheels} Fig. 10,

a plan view showing means for operating the valves of said turbine. Fig.11 is an enlarged partial vertical section showing means for adjustingthe valve of a radial turbine. Fig.

12 is a plan View of the same; Fig. 13, a partial vertical sectionalview of a radial turbine; and Fig.1; is substantially a transversesection of the same through the buckets, gates, valve-seat, and valve.

Turbines operate most economically when they develop their highestpower, and the steam-passages between the gates and bucksnn No. 59,651.(No model.)

ets are calculated so as to develop such. Steam when entering suchturbines, as described, loses a greatdeal of its power when acting uponthe first turbine wheel. It has been the practice in order to diminishthe power developed in such machines to throttle the steam just beforeor while it enters the machine, whereby much of its force is lost.

The present invention has for its object to avoid throttling of thesteam before its entrance into the machine to regulate the quantitysupplied to the several turbine wheels by providing a suitable mechanismfor regulating the feed of steam from one turbine wheel to another, andI accomplish this by interposing between the turbine wheels a suitablevalve-seat, which may or may not be adjustable and on which moves avalve controlling ports in said seat.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 3, 1 is a shaft of an axial turbine upon whichis keyed a plurality of turbine wheels 3, each wheel carrying at itsperiphery one or more series of buckets 2 within a suitable casing 6,the interior of which is between this chamber and the first turbinewheel is a valve and seat. Steam after pass ing through the turbine fromcad to end enters an exhaust-chamber 51, closed by an end plate orhead'wnd leading by steam connection 52 to a suitable exhaust-pipe.

Formed at one side of the casing 6 are chamhers 14, one opposite eachturbine wheel, through all of which passes a valve operatingorcontrolling rod 11, moved by the operatinglever12,which carries anindex-hand arranged to move over the scale 13. This rod has secured toit in each one of the chambers a sector-gear 10, cooperating withgear-teeth 9 on to the valves 8 to move the latter.

the edge of the ring-valve 8. Each one of the valve-seats, Fig. 3, isprovided with ears 72 or equivalent devices, which are pivoted betweenthe forked end of adjusting-rods 16, that pass out of the casing 6 atone side of its respective chamber 14. This rod 16 has an outer threadedend secured in asuitable stuffing-box 73 and carries a suitable nut 79for moving the rod. By turning this nut on the end of the screw-rod 16the valve-seat and the partition 76, when formed in one piece with thisvalve, can be rotated from side to side in the chambers 14, whereby allof the valveseats in a turbine provided with a plurality of turbinewheels can be adjusted-that is, rotated relatively to one another.

Referring to Figs. 9 and 10, the former shows a radial turbineto wit,one in which the steam passes from the center of the turbine wheeloutwardand it is necessaryin such a construction to provide similarvalveseats and valves; but the ring-shaped seats and valves in this casemust be so formed that the steam will pass radially through them insteadof in a direction parallel to the axis, as in the case of the axialturbine just described.

To the shaft 1 of the turbine is secured a plurality of radial turbinewheels 3, separated by fixed partitions 74, and each turbine wheel isprovided with a series of buckets 2, cooperating with aseries of gates15, secured to the casing 6 of the turbine. Steam enters at the smallestturbine wheel near its center by steam-inlet 61 into a steam-chamber 62and is directed radially from the center to the periphery of the wheelby means of annular passages 63, said passages being connected with orforming part of the inlet chamber 62. ()n this passage is movably seatedthe ringvalve 8, and above it, secured movably in a partition 74 or inone of the turbine heads 4,

.is the valve-seat 7. The ring-seat is provided with steam-passages thatare larger at their entering side than at their delivery side and areturned to direct steam against the buckets in a direction substantiallyparallel with the entering edge of the buckets. Between each one of theturbine wheels are similar annular passages 63, which direct steamleaving one of the turbine wheels radially outward through the nextadjacent turbine wheel. The valve 8 is provided with a tooth-sector,Figs. 10 and 12, which gears with a small one, 20, attached to rods 1718 19, that pass out of the casing 6 through suitable stuffing-boxes atan y tsnvenient point. The several rods have secured to their outer endsshort crank-arms 23, 24,.and 21, the last-mentioned of which isprolonged into an operating-handle and carries an index that is movableover a scale 25. All of the crank-arms are connected to the common rod22, so that by moving the handle 21 through a given are the othercrankarms will be moved througha corresponding are, which motion will beconducted by means of the several rods 17 18 19 and pinions 20 Each oneof the ring-shaped valve-seats 7 is similarly operated, being providedwith a'sector-gear on one edge cooperating with a sector-pinion 33,secured on rods 30 31 32, each of which rods projects through the casingat a suitable point and is provided with hand operatinglevers 27 28 29,each ring being capable of being independently rotated, in order to setthese rings in different relative positionsto wit, to maintain asuccessively larger passage for steam between successive turbine wheelsfor the given position of valves.

Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, which are developments, in section, of aquadrant of the ring valve and seat, which latter is provided withtwenty-eight openings, seven in each quadrant, the openings in the valvebeing arranged to register with those in the seat, but arranged in sucha manner that by a slight motion of the valve the ports will besuccessively closed, as shown in Figs. 4and 5,wherein all the ports ineach quadrant can be closed except one when the valve is thrown toextreme position. The structure is shown in Figs. 2, 4, and 5, where thepartitions a, b, c, d, e, f, and g successively increase in width andthe spaces or ports between them, a, b, c, d, e, f, and g, successivelydecrease in width and are larger in area on the entry than on thedelivery side. These ports through the valve register with those 71through the valve-seat, said ports 71 being substantially the samedistance apart and of substantially the same cross-sectional area. Thusit will be seen that when the ring-valve 8, Fig. 4, is thrown toward theleft to its full extent it will assume the position shown in Fig. 5, inwhich all the ports 71, controlled byaset of ports a, b, and cin thering-valve,

will be closed, except that one 71 controlled by the widest port a, asshown in said Fig. 5. A further movement of the ring-valve than shown insaid Fig. 5 would of course tend to close the port 71, over which theport a would be about to move; but the remaining ports would begin tosuccessively open. It will thus be seen that this further movement isnot necessary.

In Fig. 14 is shown a radial turbine in which the ring-valve 8 isprovided with ports of the same relative construction; but said portsinstead of being radial slots are peripheral slots, and the ports 71 inthe valve-seat are larger at the entering than at the delivery side. Ofcourse this arrangement of ports need not be strictly maintained.

In Fig. 7 I have shown a modification of avalve and in Fig. 6 amodification of the ports formed through the valve-seat, whereby onrotating the valve 8 the ports, which are arranged in four sets, one setin each quadrant, will be successively closed.

Having thus described myinvention, what I claim as new therein, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a turbine,the combination with a ringshaped valve-seat providedwith ports, of a ring-valve having ports successively decreasing in areaand cooperating with those in the seat, and means for rotating bothvalve and seat, substantially as described.

2. In a turbine, the combination with a ringshaped valve-seat providedwith ports, of a ring-shaped valve having ports successively decreasingin area and cooperating with those in the seat, and means for rotatingboth valve and seat in opposite directions, substantially as described.

3. In a steam-turbine, the combination with a valve-seat havingequidistant portstherethrough, said ports larger at their entering thanat their delivery side, of a ring-valve, divided into a suitable numberof divisions and provided with a number of ports in each division, theports in each division successively decreasing in area, substantiallyas'described.

4. In combination, an annular valve-seat provided with ports, aring-valve cooperating therewith,the port-s through said valve in eachquadrant successively wider, substantially as described.

5. In combination, an annular valve-seat provided with ports equidistantfrom one anotherand larger at their entering than at their deliveryside, and a ring-valve Whose ports in each quadrant aresuccessivelylarger, substantially as described.

6. In combination, a valve-seat provided with ports equidistant from oneanotherand a valve provided with ports on its periphery, the ports ineach quadrant successivelylarger,

both valve and seat organized to be rotated, substantially as described.

7. In a steam-turbine, in combination with the several turbine Wheels,of partitions separating the several wheels and provided withvalve-seats, said partitions independently rotatable and a series ofring-valves cooperating with said seats and each provided'withgearteeth, and pinions arranged on a common shaft gearing with therespective valves to simultaneously move an equal extent, substantiallyas described.

8. In a turbine, the combination with a plurality of wheels, ofpartitions independently rotatable and arod pivoted to each partitionand extending through the casing of said turbine, a series of portsarranged in said partitions to form valve-seats, ring-valves cooperating with said seats and means for simultaneously movingsaid valves,substantially as described.

9. In a turbine, the combination with a tubular ring-shaped valve-seat,of a tubular ring-shaped valve cooperating therewith,both having portsarranged in their peripheries and each adjustable with respect to theother, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

RICHARD SCHULZ.

Witnesses:

JOHANNES HEIN, WOLDEMAR I-IAUPT,

